In the tradition of Savage and Anscombe-Aumann, rational agents are defined precisely by utility functions derivable from consistent preference orderings, which are themselves formally specifiable.

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Anscombe-Aumann(philosophical tradition of decision theory): A framework for decision-making named after philosophers Elizabeth Anscombe and Robert Aumann that combines different approaches to understanding how rational agents should behave when facing uncertain outcomes.
Formally specifiable(formal philosophy and logic): Something that can be written down or expressed using precise mathematical or logical rules, rather than remaining vague or informal.
Preference orderings(as the starting point for constructing utility functions): A ranking of options from most to least preferred; for example, if you like pizza more than salad and salad more than broccoli, that's your preference ordering.
Savage(credited with refining revealed preference theory): Leonard Savage was a statistician and economist who improved Samuelson's theory to handle situations where people make decisions under uncertainty.

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