John Hick's pluralist hypothesis holds that the major world religions are equally valid responses to the same ultimate transcendent reality, differing only in cultural-historical expression.

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Cultural-historical expression(explains why religions differ according to Hick's theory): The specific way a belief or idea gets shaped and communicated through a particular culture's traditions, history, language, and practices.
John Hick(he is the philosopher being referenced for a specific theodicy): A 20th-century philosopher and theologian who developed the Irenaean theodicy—a theory that God allows evil to exist so humans can grow spiritually and develop morally.
Transcendent reality(refers to what Hick believed all religions are responding to): Something that exists beyond the physical world we can see and touch—usually referring to a divine, spiritual, or ultimate truth that goes beyond ordinary human experience.
pluralist hypothesis(Hick's main theory being discussed): The idea that multiple different religions can all be true or valid at the same time, rather than only one being correct.

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