Laplace's demon thought experiment establishes that a being with complete positional and momentum data could compute all future states, meaning epistemic limits reflect computational finitude, not in-principle irresolvability.
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Positional and momentum data(as the information Laplace's demon possesses)
Information about where something is located (position) and how fast and in what direction it's moving (momentum)—the basic facts you'd need to predict where it will go next.
thought experiment(The sage's rhetorical device comprising two hypothetical situations about the ruler of India.)
A hypothetical scenario constructed to test what would count as sufficient grounds for a conclusion, here used by the sage to probe the epistemic standards for belief in God.