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It is not the case that Leibniz was mistaken to suppose that conceptual common ground shared by everyone already exists and could be captured in a universal language.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Conceptual common ground is not a pre-existing universal feature of human thought.
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2.
Schleiermacher's own earlier proposal of common innate concepts is similarly untenable.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against 1 of 2
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1.
Wittgenstein's later work demonstrates that meaning arises from rule-governed social practices ('forms of life'), not pre-linguistic conceptual universals.
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2.
If meaning is constituted by heterogeneous language games, no single formal system can capture concepts that vary across communities and practices.
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3.
Leibniz's universal language project presupposes fixed conceptual atoms, a foundationalist assumption dismantled by the open-texture of ordinary language (Waismann).
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Reason against 2 of 2
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1.
Quine's thesis of the indeterminacy of translation shows that there is no fact of the matter about synonymy across languages, undermining any shared conceptual bedrock.
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2.
Without determinate cross-linguistic conceptual identity, the Leibnizian project of encoding universal concepts into a formal notation lacks the stable referential base it requires.
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