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    Libertarian freedom requires the ability to do otherwise ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→God must be libertarianly free in his production of creatures—free either to create or not to create.

    Libertarian freedom requires the ability to do otherwise without any change in reasons or nature, but an immutable, omniscient God cannot satisfy this condition without implying arbitrary or sub-rational divine choice.

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    Key Terms

    Divine choice(as used in theology and philosophy of religion)
    A decision or action made by God.
    Immutable(as used in theology to describe God's nature)
    Unable to change or be changed; staying exactly the same forever.
    Omniscient(describing God's knowledge)
    Knowing everything—all facts, all truths, and all events (past, present, and future).
    Sub-rational(as used in philosophy of mind and epistemology)
    Below the standard of being reasonable or logical; not guided by good reasoning.
    ability to do otherwise(Standard criterion in free will debates; the compatibilist rejects this as a necessary condition for freedom)

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    The capacity of an agent, at the point of action with all circumstances held constant, to have acted differently than they did.
    arbitrary(Debate over Locke's watch passage and natural kind classification)
    Does not mean 'random' or that all qualities are equally adequate as differentia; refers instead to the availability of multiple similarly good and natural grounds for classification.
    libertarian freedom
    The view that freedom involves a radical, indeterminist exercise of power.

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    God must be libertarianly free in his production of creatures—free either to cre...

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