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    Mann's inference from 'x instantiates R' to 'x is a prope... — Carmelics
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    Supports→The move from (a) to (b) in Mann's argument is a non sequitur absent some auxiliary premise.

    Mann's inference from 'x instantiates R' to 'x is a property instance' illicitly collapses the instantiation relation into identity, a move Frege's concept-object distinction explicitly prohibits.

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    Key Terms

    Frege(as a major historical figure in philosophy)
    Gottlob Frege (1848-1925) was a German logician and philosopher who founded modern logic and did groundbreaking work on how language relates to meaning and existence.
    Identity(Adams treats identity statements as a variety of atomic formula rather than a logical truth exempt from existence presuppositions)
    A relation between an object and itself, expressed as an atomic formula (a=a), subject to the same existence-entailment conditions as other atomic predicates under GSA
    Mann(as the philosopher whose argument is being evaluated)
    A contemporary philosopher who has written about how properties (qualities or characteristics) exist and relate to objects; in this context, he's proposing a theory that the statement is critiquing.
    Property instance(as used in metaphysics)
    A single occurrence of a property in a particular object—like the specific redness of one red apple, as opposed to the general idea of redness.

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    concept-object distinction(Frege's logical ontology)
    The distinction between unsaturated concepts and the objects that complete them, treated as a special case of the function-argument distinction
    illicitly collapses(describing the logical error in Mann's argument)
    Incorrectly treats two different things as if they were the same thing, when they shouldn't be treated that way.
    instantiates(as used in metaphysics)
    To instantiate means to be a specific example or instance of something more general. For example, a red apple instantiates the property 'redness.'
    instantiation relation(metaphysics/philosophy of properties)
    The relationship between a thing and its qualities—like how a red ball 'instantiates' or 'has' the property of being red.

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    Divine Attributes1 linked

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    The move from (a) to (b) in Mann's argument is a non sequitur absent some auxili...

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