Maximin reasoning, which Rawls endorses for the original position, itself encodes a particular attitude toward risk that arbitrarily privileges the worst-off over other distributions.

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Attitude toward risk(as used in decision-making and ethics): How willing you are to accept uncertainty or the possibility of bad outcomes when making a decision—some people are risk-averse (cautious) while others are risk-tolerant (willing to gamble).
Maximin reasoning(as a philosophical approach to making choices): A decision-making strategy where you choose the option that gives you the best worst-case outcome, rather than chasing the biggest average payoff.
Rawls(as the philosopher whose ideas are being referenced): John Rawls, a 20th-century philosopher famous for developing theories about justice and fairness in society.
original position(Rawls's device for deriving principles of justice through impartial rational choice.): A hypothetical deliberative situation in which parties choose principles of justice without knowledge of their particular place in society.

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