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    Molinist middle knowledge grounds foreknowledge in counte... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Causal dependence is the best model for understanding how God can foreknow what you will do because you will do it.

    Molinist middle knowledge grounds foreknowledge in counterfactuals of creaturely freedom, providing a non-causal explanatory model that the causal account cannot adequately capture.

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    Key Terms

    Creaturely freedom(theology and philosophy of free will)
    The ability of created beings (like humans) to make genuine choices that aren't forced or predetermined by God or anything else.
    Foreknowledge(Boethius's distinction between knowing and foreknowing)
    Knowledge of future events prior to their occurrence, distinguished from mere knowledge in that it implies temporal priority and thus raises the question of whether the future is already fixed
    Grounds (in philosophy)(Strawson's theory grounds responsibility in relationships rather than metaphysics)
    Serves as the foundation or basis for something; what something is based on or explained by.
    Middle knowledge(Core component of Molinism, as described in Marsh's reply to Maitzen)
    God's knowledge of what free creatures would freely do in counterfactual situations

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    Molinism(Used as a theodicy-style response to the demographic argument from nonbelief)
    The view that God knows what free creatures would freely do in counterfactual situations (middle knowledge), and God uses this information in the way God governs the universe
    Non-causal explanatory model(How Molinism claims to explain foreknowledge differently from other approaches)
    A way of explaining how something works without saying that one thing directly causes another to happen; instead, it explains through reasons or logical relationships.
    causal account(as used in philosophy of science)
    An explanation that shows what actually *caused* or *made* something happen, rather than just describing it after it occurred.
    counterfactuals(as used in logic and philosophy of free will (related to 'subjunctives of freedom'))
    Statements about what *would* happen in situations that aren't actually happening—'if I had studied harder, I would have passed the test' is a counterfactual about a situation that didn't occur.
    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.

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