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    On immanent realist accounts (Armstrong, Loux), universal... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Universals and tropes do not count as examples of interpenetration

    On immanent realist accounts (Armstrong, Loux), universals are wholly present at each instance location, not merely constituents abstracted from location.

    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    1 reason against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.If universals are abstract, they cannot causally interact with physical instances, yet properties seem to have causal powers at each location.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.Wholly present universals avoid the problem of explaining how scattered instances share a single entity without spatial continuity.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Direct acquaintance with redness in this tomato suggests the universal itself is present here, not merely a constituent abstracted away.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.If universals are wholly present at multiple locations, they must exist in multiple places simultaneously, violating standard spatial principles.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.Properties like shape differ between instances (square vs. round), so the universal itself cannot be wholly present unchanged in each.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Wholly present universals require explaining how one entity avoids multiplying into distinct spatiotemporal parts at each location.
      ?

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    Direct acquaintance with redness in this tomato suggests the universal itself is...If universals are abstract, they cannot causally interact with physical instance...If universals are wholly present at multiple locations, they must exist in multi...Properties like shape differ between instances (square vs. round), so the univer...
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    Universals and tropes do not count as examples of interpenetrationWholly present universals avoid the problem of explaining how scattered instance...Wholly present universals require explaining how one entity avoids multiplying i...

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