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    Philip Chancellor's own account of synderesis requires a ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The practical intellect and the will are not separate powers

    Philip Chancellor's own account of synderesis requires a separate volitional capacity to explain why moral knowledge does not automatically produce moral action.

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    Reasons For

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    • 1.Moral knowledge is cognitive; volition is conative. A separate faculty explains the gap between knowing good and willing it.
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    • 2.Akratic action (moral weakness) is phenomenologically real: agents know the right act yet choose otherwise, requiring volitional explanation.
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    • 3.Without independent will, synderesis becomes merely intellectual habit, unable to account for moral struggle or resistance to vice.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Positing separate volitional capacity multiplies explanatory entities without necessity; desires already explain action divergence from knowledge.
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    • 2.If synderesis truly grasps the universal good, blocking its practical efficacy requires explaining what prevents it—adding more faculties avoids this.
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    Key Terms

    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.

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    Consciousness & Mind1 linked

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    Akratic action (moral weakness) is phenomenologically real: agents know the righ...If synderesis truly grasps the universal good, blocking its practical efficacy r...Moral knowledge is cognitive; volition is conative. A separate faculty explains ...Positing separate volitional capacity multiplies explanatory entities without ne...
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    The practical intellect and the will are not separate powersWithout independent will, synderesis becomes merely intellectual habit, unable t...

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