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Inverse View
It is not the case that Rawls argued that natural talents and social circumstances are morally arbitrary, and character is shaped by both.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Moral arbitrariness doesn't entail that distributions based on talents are unjust—arbitrary origins don't negate legitimate claims or current responsibility.
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2.
Even if circumstances shape character, individuals retain agency in responding to and developing beyond their initial conditions through effort and choice.
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3.
Rawls conflates 'morally arbitrary' (unchosen) with 'morally irrelevant' (shouldn't count in justice)—but unchosen traits can legitimately ground different social roles.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
No one deserves their genetic inheritance or birth family circumstances, as these are assigned by chance at conception.
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2.
If distributive justice requires rewarding what people deserve, and undeserved advantages undermine fairness, then society should compensate for natural/circumstantial inequality.
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3.
Character develops through environmental influences and upbringing that individuals don't control, supporting the claim that circumstances shape who we become.
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