Reductive physicalism identifying colors with surface spectral reflectance properties, as defended by Hilbert and Tye, anchors colors to mind-independent physical magnitudes that explain perceptual success.

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Hilbert and Tye(the specific defenders of this version of the theory): David Hilbert and Michael Tye are contemporary philosophers who argued that colors are identical to these physical light-reflecting properties rather than being subjective experiences in our minds.
Perceptual success(what these physical properties are supposed to explain): The fact that our perception of the world (like seeing red as red) generally works correctly and matches how things actually are.
Surface spectral reflectance properties(what reductive physicalists claim colors actually are): The specific ways a physical object bounces back different wavelengths of light—basically, the measurable physical facts about how light interacts with an object's surface.
mind-independent(Used to classify objects such as tables and chairs.): An object is mind-independent if its existence does not, by its very nature, depend on being the object or content of mental states, i.e., it could survive the annihilation of all thinking things.

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