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Inverse View
It is not the case that Rowe's evidential argument demonstrates that gratuitous suffering constitutes prima facie evidence of moral failing regardless of the agent's power.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Humans cannot reliably discern which suffering is gratuitous, as long-term goods may justify pain we initially judge purposeless.
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2.
A morally perfect agent might permit suffering for reasons beyond human comprehension, making absence of known justification insufficient evidence.
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3.
The argument conflates epistemic limitations (our inability to identify purpose) with metaphysical facts about whether purpose actually exists.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
If suffering serves no discernible purpose for the sufferer or others, it appears morally unjustifiable by standard ethical frameworks.
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2.
An omnipotent agent could prevent gratuitous suffering without sacrificing any greater good, making its occurrence evidence of moral indifference.
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3.
Prima facie evidence requires only reasonable grounds for suspicion, not proof—gratuitous suffering meets this threshold straightforwardly.
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