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    Showing that the hard past isn't fixed would require that... — Carmelics
    Home/Free Will & Foreknowledge
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    Challenges→The dependence point alone does not show that the hard past isn't fixed.

    Showing that the hard past isn't fixed would require that the agent upon whose action the past depends really can act otherwise.

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    The claim that the agent can act otherwise is simply asserted rather than argued...The dependence point alone does not show that the hard past isn't fixed.Whether the agent can act otherwise is the very point at issue, so simply assumi...

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    The dependence point alone does not show that the hard past isn't fixe...81%What's fixed isn't the past in toto, but so much of the past as isn't ...75%A manipulated agent's actions can be ultimately caused by factors outs...73%The fixity of the past, insofar as the past is fixed, is derivative fr...73%

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    Fischer and Tognazzini (2014), in a response to Merricks (2009, 2011), McCall (2011), and Westphal (2011), ask how the dependence point alone shows that the hard past isn’t fixed. That would require that the agent upon whose action the past depends really can act otherwise, and this is just asserted rather than argued. After all, this is the very point at issue, so simply assuming it is to beg the question. Cyr and Law (forthcoming) defend the dialectical appropriateness of the assumption that doing and refraining are both open to the agent.

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