Sober and Wilson's multilevel selection framework holds that when group-level selection pressure exceeds individual defection advantage, defection need not persist as a stable strategy.

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Multilevel selection(as the analytical framework being referenced): The idea that evolution happens at multiple levels at once: individuals compete with each other, but groups also compete with other groups, and both affect what traits survive.
Selection pressure(evolutionary biology concept used here): A force in nature that makes certain traits more or less common in a population because they help (or hurt) an organism's chances of surviving and reproducing.
Sober and Wilson(as the authors being referenced): Elliott Sober and David Sloan Wilson are philosophers and biologists who argue that evolution can produce genuine altruism and caring for others, not just self-interested behavior.
Stable strategy(as something defection might or might not be, depending on selection pressures): A behavior or pattern that can keep happening over time because it's self-reinforcing—once it takes hold, there's no reason for it to change.

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