Stalnaker and Reny demonstrate that backward induction requires common knowledge of rationality, a condition that is self-undermining at off-path nodes regardless of psychological interpretation.

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Off-path nodes(as scenarios that might arise from mistakes or unexpected events): Situations or decision points in a game that wouldn't normally occur if everyone played perfectly according to plan.
Self-undermining(in logic and argument): When an idea or rule contradicts itself or destroys the very thing it's trying to achieve.
Stalnaker and Reny(as the authors being referenced): Robert Stalnaker and Philip Reny are philosophers who study game theory and decision-making; they wrote a famous paper showing a logical problem with a popular strategy called backward induction.
backward induction(Game theory solution concept applied to sequential games): A method of solving extensive-form games by reasoning from terminal nodes backward to earlier decision nodes, determining optimal play at each node given optimal play at all subsequent nodes

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