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    Home/Original/inverse
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    Inverse View

    It is not the case that Statistical normality within biological kinds (e.g., species-typical functioning) provides a naturalistic criterion distinguishing normal from pathological events, per Boorse's biostatistical theory.

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    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
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    • 1.Statistical frequency cannot determine normality: left-handedness is statistically rare but not pathological or dysfunctional.
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    • 2.Species-typical functioning is vague across populations, environments, and life stages; no single statistical benchmark exists universally.
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    • 3.Value judgments about what counts as 'dysfunction' are smuggled into biostatistical theory; statistics alone cannot bridge is-ought gap.
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    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.Species-typical functioning provides an objective, measurable basis for pathology that avoids pure subjectivity or cultural relativism.
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    • 2.Evolutionary biology shows organisms have statistical ranges of optimal functioning; deviations correlate with reduced survival and reproduction.
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    • 3.Medical practice requires some non-arbitrary distinction between disease and variation; statistical norms offer principled grounding.
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