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It is not the case that The mechanism by which self-interest yields impartial laws requires that citizens' situations be substantially similar to one another
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Rawls demonstrates that impartial legislation can emerge from radical situational difference when deliberators are placed behind a veil of ignorance about their own position.
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2.
The veil of ignorance is a procedural mechanism that achieves impartiality without requiring substantive similarity, showing similarity is sufficient but not necessary for general will reasoning.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Hegel's critique of abstract universality holds that laws genuinely responsive to a differentiated civil society must incorporate, not erase, structural differences among citizens.
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2.
A general will that presupposes situational similarity cannot be truly general, since it tacitly encodes the perspective of those already similarly situated as the norm.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
If citizens' situations differ substantially, the impact of general laws will not be the same for everyone
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2.
When impacts differ, a citizen cannot occupy the standpoint of the general will merely by imagining the law's impact on their own case
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