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    The parallel between holistic environmental ethics and fa... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→An individual member of the biotic community ought to be sacrificed when doing so is necessary to protect the holistic good of the biotic community

    The parallel between holistic environmental ethics and fascism, identified by Regan as 'environmental fascism,' is not merely rhetorical but reveals a genuine logical entailment requiring rebuttal.

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    Key Terms

    Holistic environmental ethics(the main ethical framework being discussed)
    An ethical approach that values nature as a whole system (ecosystems, species, the environment itself) rather than just focusing on individual animals or plants.
    Logical entailment(describing something that logically must follow from a premise)
    A conclusion that must be true if the starting statements are true—it's not just likely, but absolutely required by the rules of logic.
    Tom Regan(the philosopher being cited as the source of the criticism)
    An American philosopher who wrote extensively about animal rights and environmental ethics, and who criticized certain environmental philosophies as potentially fascistic.
    environmental fascism(Regan (1983) criticizing Callicott's holistic land ethic)
    A pejorative label for environmental ethical positions that disregard the rights of individual beings in favor of the collective ecological whole, analogized to fascism's subordination of individual rights to the state

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    rhetorical(as used in logic and argumentation)
    Relating to the art of persuasive speaking or writing—how someone uses language to convince people, not necessarily whether what they're saying is true.

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    Environmental Ethics1 linked

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    An individual member of the biotic community ought to be sacrificed when doing s...

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