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It is not the case that Threshold deontology (Scheffler, Moore) holds that constraints lose their binding force when consequences become sufficiently catastrophic.
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Reasons For
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1.
Thresholds lack principled boundaries: any determination of 'sufficiently catastrophic' requires arbitrary line-drawing that invites abuse and erosion of constraints.
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2.
Constraints protect us from ourselves by limiting what we can justify; threshold exceptions restore exactly the consequentialist reasoning that constraints were meant to constrain.
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3.
Catastrophic scenarios are empirically rare and often speculative; permitting constraint-violations for low-probability tail risks shifts moral certainty into uncertainty.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Moral constraints (e.g., don't kill innocents) derive their justification from protecting human welfare; catastrophic outcomes that dwarf ordinary harms override this justification.
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2.
Absolute constraints create perverse incentives: refusing a small rights violation to prevent extinction suggests morality itself becomes self-defeating at extreme stakes.
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3.
Intuitions strongly support threshold exceptions: few believe we must respect someone's autonomy if honoring it causes civilization's collapse.
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