Truthmaker theory (Fine, Armstrong) individuates propositions by their ontological grounds, not their truth conditions across worlds, permitting distinct propositions to be necessarily co-true.
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The actual things or facts in the world that are responsible for making something true; essentially, the real-world basis for why a statement is correct.
Truth conditions(used to describe how we determine whether a thought accurately represents reality)
The specific circumstances or facts that would make a statement true or false—what has to be the case for a thought to be correct.
Truthmaker theory(Armstrong's main philosophical contribution)
A philosophical idea that for any statement to be true, there must be something real in the world that makes it true—like a fact or object that explains why the statement isn't just made up.
propositions(Answer to the question of what metaphysical category propositions belong to)
Entities belonging to a sui generis metaphysical category of their own kind, not reducible to other categories