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    What we mistake for reason opposing a passion-driven impu... — Carmelics
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    Home/Virtue Ethics
    HistoryEditSee Inverse

    What we mistake for reason opposing a passion-driven impulse is actually a calm passion, not reason itself

    Free Will & ForeknowledgeVirtue Ethics
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    1 reason for
    2 reasons against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
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    • 1.Reason cannot oppose passion-generated impulses to action
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    • 2.Something in us is sometimes felt to run contrary to impulses to act
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    • 3.That contrary force must be something other than reason, such as a calm passion like a general appetite for the good, benevolence, or aversion to evil
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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
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    • 1.Kant's transcendental psychology demonstrates that pure practical reason generates the categorical imperative independently of any affective state or desire.
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    • 2.If the opposing force were merely a calm passion, it would be contingent on temperament and could not ground universally binding moral obligations.
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    • 3.The unconditional 'ought' of moral duty cannot be derived from any passion, however calm, because passions are empirically conditioned and admit of degrees.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
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    • 1.Hume's own taxonomy conflates the phenomenological mildness of calm passions with their functional role, but mildness of felt intensity does not determine whether a state is cognitive or conative.
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    • 2.Rational deliberation demonstrably corrects passion-based errors through syllogistic inference about means-end relations, a capacity no passion possesses by Hume's own account of passional cognition.
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    Topics

    Virtue EthicsFree Will & Foreknowledge

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    Related

    Hume's own taxonomy conflates the phenomenological mildness of calm passions wit...If the opposing force were merely a calm passion, it would be contingent on temp...Kant's transcendental psychology demonstrates that pure practical reason generat...Rational deliberation demonstrably corrects passion-based errors through syllogi...
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    Reason cannot oppose passion-generated impulses to actionSomething in us is sometimes felt to run contrary to impulses to actThat contrary force must be something other than reason, such as a calm passion ...The unconditional 'ought' of moral duty cannot be derived from any passion, howe...

    Similar

    Reason could counteract a passion-generated impulse only if reason cou...84%Reason cannot oppose passion-generated impulses to action79%To oppose a passion, reason must be able to give rise to a motive by i...79%Reduced influence of external things diminishes the passivity that con...74%

    Source

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    SEP: kant-hume-morality
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    A second argument, which builds on the first, aims to show that reason “can never oppose passion in the direction of the will” (T 2.3.3.1). The only thing that can oppose an impulse to action generated by one passion is a contrary impulse. Reason, then, could counteract an impulse to action generated by a passion if and only if reason could itself generate a contrary impulse. But from the first argument, we know that that reason cannot generate such an impulse. “Thus it appears, that the princip
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    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit