1820 – 1895
Friedrich Engels (1820–1895) was a German philosopher, political theorist, and co-founder of Marxist theory. Working in close collaboration with Karl Marx, he helped develop dialectical materialism and historical materialism as systematic philosophical frameworks. After Marx's death, Engels edited and published the second and third volumes of Das Kapital, cementing the theoretical legacy of the partnership.
Co-authored The Communist Manifesto (1848) with Karl Marx
Developed dialectical materialism as a philosophical and scientific framework
Wrote The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845), a foundational work in social analysis
Authored Anti-Dühring (1878), a comprehensive exposition of Marxist philosophy, economics, and socialism
Edited and posthumously published volumes II and III of Das Kapital