b. 1953
Joseph Y. Halpern is a computer scientist and logician at Cornell University whose work bridges formal epistemology, game theory, and the logic of knowledge in distributed systems. He is best known for foundational contributions to epistemic logic, plausibility-based reasoning, and the formal analysis of causality. His research engages directly with debates in game theory concerning common knowledge, rationality, and the semantics of belief revision.
Co-authored 'Reasoning About Knowledge' (1995), a foundational text in formal epistemic logic
Developed the Halpern-Pearl (HP) account of actual causality using structural causal models
Introduced plausibility measures as a unified generalization of probability and possibility theory
Analyzed the logical and computational complexity of reasoning about knowledge and common knowledge
Clarified foundational disputes in game theory (e.g., Aumann vs. Stalnaker) through precise modal-logical modeling
The difference in conclusions between Aumann (1995) and Stalnaker (1998) is due to differing models of belief revision upon deviation from the backward induction path
claimPlausibility updates in sequential games during actual play differ in interpretation from plausibility updates used in pregame deliberation for Backward Induction.
claimThere is a fundamental tension between treating logical knowledge as a priori and the computational intractability of deciding logical validity.
The difference in conclusions between Aumann (1995) and Stalnaker (1998) is due to differing models of belief revision upon deviation from the backward induction path
claimPlausibility updates in sequential games during actual play differ in interpretation from plausibility updates used in pregame deliberation for Backward Induction.
claimThere is a fundamental tension between treating logical knowledge as a priori and the computational intractability of deciding logical validity.