1729 – 1786
Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1786) was a German-Jewish philosopher of the Enlightenment, a central figure in the Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment), and a leading aesthetician of the 18th century. He made significant contributions to metaphysics, aesthetics, and the philosophy of religion, and was widely regarded as one of the foremost philosophers in Germany during his lifetime.
Developed influential aesthetic theories on the relationship between arts, beauty, and sensory experience
Authored 'Phädon' (1767), a modernized defense of the immortality of the soul modeled on Plato's Phaedo
Pioneered arguments for religious tolerance and the separation of church and state in 'Jerusalem' (1783)
Won the Berlin Academy prize essay competition (1763), defeating Immanuel Kant
Central figure in the Haskalah, advocating for Jewish cultural and intellectual integration into European society
Visual art must choose moments that leave the imagination free to explore further possibilities.
premiseArt's purpose is to allow the free play of mental powers, not merely to represent truth.
premiseChoosing a moment of anticipation over culmination serves the imagination regardless of whether truth is art's primary aim.
claimEven if truth and expression were art's first law, visual art would still be constrained to choose moments that give free rein to the imagination.
premiseA moment of anticipation leaves the imagination free to play with further possibilities.
premiseDepicting the moment of greatest pain and a full scream would foreclose the free play of the imagination of the audience.
premiseThe constraint on depicted moments follows from the nature of visual art as presenting a single instant, not solely from art's ultimate purpose.
premiseA moment of culmination leaves nothing further to the imagination.
claimThe sculptor of the Laocoön group was correct not to depict Laocoön at the moment of his greatest pain and full scream.
premiseThe visual arts present objects in a single moment.
claimVisual arts must choose a depicted moment that gives free rein to the imagination rather than the moment of culmination of an action.