Skip to content
Carmelics
TopicsThinkersChangesContributorsLoading account…

    Carmelics

    A reasoning platform. Break down any belief into clear reasons, explore both sides, and weigh the evidence honestly.

    Navigate

    • Topics
    • Search
    • Recent Changes
    • Contribute
    • How It Works
    • Glossary
    • Thinkers
    • Contributors
    • About
    • Statistics
    • Terms
    • Privacy

    Database

    Statements
    —
    Perspectives
    —
    Topics
    —

    Press ? for keyboard shortcuts

    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
    Made withinDC&Austin
    All philosopher-variants of 'Every German philosopher is ... — Carmelics
    Statements
    321,452
    Perspectives
    108,905
    Topics
    42
    Home/Philosophy of Language
    HistoryEditSee Inverse

    All philosopher-variants of 'Every German philosopher is European' are true, provided their subject idea is non-empty.

    Philosophy of LanguageTruth & Knowledge
    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    2 reasons against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Varying only the [philosopher] idea in 'Every German philosopher is European' preserves the truth of the proposition across all substitutions.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.A proposition's variants are only candidates for truth if their subject idea is non-empty.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Bolzano's variation method presupposes a fixed universe of ideas, but some substitutions for [philosopher] may yield analytically false propositions regardless of non-emptiness.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.The proposition 'Every German non-European philosopher is European' has a non-empty subject idea if we admit possible worlds, yet is necessarily false under its own predication.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Therefore, non-emptiness of the subject idea is insufficient to guarantee truth across all philosopher-variants when the substituted idea is internally contradictory with the predicate.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reason against 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Quine's critique of analyticity undermines the sharp distinction between logical truth and empirical content that Bolzano's variation method relies upon.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.If 'European' and 'German' are not analytically related, then variants substituting geographically unrestricted concepts of philosopher could yield contingently false propositions.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Bolzano's claim thus conflates logical form with substantive geographical-historical content, making the purported universal truth of variants an artifact of a particular conceptual scheme rather than a logical necessity.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Sign in or register to share your perspective on this statement.

    Next step

    Based on where you are in your exploration

    Strongest counterpoint
    Explore the most compelling reason on the other side.

    Topics

    Philosophy of LanguageTruth & Knowledge

    Related

    A proposition's variants are only candidates for truth if their subject idea is ...Bolzano's claim thus conflates logical form with substantive geographical-histor...Bolzano's variation method presupposes a fixed universe of ideas, but some subst...If 'European' and 'German' are not analytically related, then variants substitut...
    +4 moreShow less
    Quine's critique of analyticity undermines the sharp distinction between logical...The proposition 'Every German non-European philosopher is European' has a non-em...Therefore, non-emptiness of the subject idea is insufficient to guarantee truth ...Varying only the [philosopher] idea in 'Every German philosopher is European' pr...

    Similar

    Varying only the [philosopher] idea in 'Every German philosopher is Eu...89%The proposition 'Every German philosopher is European' is universally ...88%Every philosopher is German88%The proposition 'Every German philosopher is American' is universally ...86%

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: bolzano
    View source passageHide passage
    As far as our first example \(S_1\) is concerned, there are true as well as false variants of it with respect to every single extra-logical part of it and also with respect to every sequence of such parts. But now let us consider the following expamle \(S_2\): [Every German philosopher is European]. It has true as well as false [German]-variants, [European]-variants, ([German], [philosopher])-variants, ([German], [European])-variants, ([philosopher], [European])-variants and also ([German], [phi
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit