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    Alvin Plantinga's own free will defense presupposes that ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→God can effectively guarantee the salvation of all sinners without ever interfering with anyone's libertarian freedom.

    Alvin Plantinga's own free will defense presupposes that creatures can be so constituted that no sequence of circumstances guarantees their cooperation, which directly undermines the probabilistic convergence argument.

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    Key Terms

    Alvin Plantinga(as the originator of the Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism)
    A contemporary American philosopher known for arguing that belief in God is rational without needing scientific proof, and for challenging the idea that evolution supports atheism.
    Constituted(as describing how intersubjectivity is formed)
    In philosophy, this means 'made up of' or 'formed through'—describing how something comes into existence or takes shape through a process.
    Free Will Defense(Sometimes used narrowly to cover only evil resulting from human action, but extended by some to cover evils caused by supernatural agents other than God)
    A version of the Greater Good Defense proposing that free creatures who can care for each other and whose welfare depends on each other's freely chosen action constitute a good that requires the possibility of persons harming each other
    Presupposes(as describing what Plantinga's argument takes for granted)

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    Assumes something to be true without proving it—like how an argument might presuppose that logic works, without first arguing that logic is valid.
    Probabilistic convergence argument(the competing argument being criticized)
    A reasoning strategy claiming that if you have enough chances or circumstances pushing someone toward an action, eventually the odds guarantee they'll do it—like how flipping a coin enough times guarantees you'll eventually get heads.
    Sequence of circumstances(describing what might force someone to act a certain way)
    A chain of events or conditions that happen one after another in a cause-and-effect pattern.
    cooperation(Framing of Hobbes' Leviathan via Sidgwick's question)
    A central theme in both ethics and social-political philosophy, examined in the context of how it can emerge among self-interested individuals
    undermines(as used in argumentation)
    Weakens or damages something by removing support for it or showing it doesn't work.

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    2 topics

    Eternal Conscious Torment1 linkedAfterlife & Death1 linked

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    God can effectively guarantee the salvation of all sinners without ever interfer...

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