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    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
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    Effects arising from natural causes are necessary only wh... — Carmelics
    Home/Modality & Possibility
    HistoryEditSee Inverse

    Effects arising from natural causes are necessary only when those natural causes are necessary and maintain a fixed order unimpeded by other causes.

    CausationModality & Possibility
    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    2 reasons against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Natural causes that maintain a fixed order and cannot be hindered produce necessary effects.
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    • 2.A solar eclipse is an example of a natural cause that maintains a fixed, unimpeded order.
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    • 3.Foreknowledge of necessary effects is itself necessary with respect to the knower.
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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Al-Ghazali argued in Tahafut al-Falasifa that God can interrupt any natural sequence without contradiction, since no causal connection is logically necessary.
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    • 2.If even a paradigmatically 'fixed' sequence like a solar eclipse remains contingent on continuous divine permission, the claim's condition of being 'unimpeded' can never be verified as permanently satisfied.
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    • 3.Therefore, what the claim calls necessary effects are at best nomologically regular but remain ontologically contingent at every moment of their production.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Hume's regularity theory shows that what we call 'necessary' causal connections are merely observed constant conjunctions, not intrinsic necessities.
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    • 2.If causal necessity is epistemically projected rather than metaphysically real, no natural cause—however unimpeded—produces effects that are genuinely necessary.
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    Topics

    Modality & PossibilityCausation

    Connections

    1 topic

    Free Will & Foreknowledge1 linked

    Related

    A solar eclipse is an example of a natural cause that maintains a fixed, unimped...Al-Ghazali argued in Tahafut al-Falasifa that God can interrupt any natural sequ...Foreknowledge of necessary effects is itself necessary with respect to the knowe...Hume's regularity theory shows that what we call 'necessary' causal connections ...
    +4 moreShow less
    If causal necessity is epistemically projected rather than metaphysically real, ...If even a paradigmatically 'fixed' sequence like a solar eclipse remains conting...Natural causes that maintain a fixed order and cannot be hindered produce necess...Therefore, what the claim calls necessary effects are at best nomologically regu...

    Similar

    Effects of natural causes that can be impeded by voluntary or accident...83%Some natural causes, despite having an order, can be impeded by volunt...82%Transcendental claims are not reducible to causal or natural necessity...79%Transcendental arguments must not rely on merely causal or natural nec...79%

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: albalag
    View source passageHide passage
    For Albalag, this deterministic worldview on which al-Ghazali’s account of God’s knowledge of future events dwells follows from a narrow understanding of the cause-effect relationship. Possible things, according to Albalag, are realized by either material or efficient causes, or both. Some of these causes are either volitional or natural. Volitional causes, “hinge solely on the power of the chooser”, which means that effects are not necessary and cannot be predicted. Effects arising from natural
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit