- General principle(what attribute-based individuation is supposed to be, but fails to be)
- A rule or law that applies broadly across many situations, not just in one specific case.
- Genuinely distinct(how finite modes can be from each other in Spinoza's system)
- Really and truly different in an important way, not just appearing different on the surface.
- Individuate(metaphysics)
- To identify or distinguish something as a separate, individual thing with its own unique identity.
- Spinoza
- Baruch Spinoza was a 17th-century Dutch philosopher who argued that God and nature are the same thing, and that everything in the universe is interconnected as one unified whole. He believed that understanding how things work through reason and logic—rather than through emotion or superstition—leads to happiness and freedom. His ideas were revolutionary for his time and continue to influence modern philosophy, theology, and how we think about the relationship between mind and body.
- a priori(Frege treats 'analytic' as entailing 'a priori' for arithmetic.)
- Knowable independently of empirical experience; here treated as a consequence of analyticity.
- attributes(Lowe's four-category ontology)
- A category of universal property that characterizes kinds and is exemplified by objects.
- finite modes(Spinozistic metaphysics; the subject of whether they follow from God's nature)
- Objects or entities that are the same in [iv] and [v] but considered differently in each case
- numerically distinct(Used to characterize the parts of the Form that must exist separately in each participant)
- Being distinct in the sense of being different individual tokens, not merely different in kind or quality.
- substances(Used to distinguish the category of substance from that of property in ontology.)
- Individual objects; the entities that properties are predicated of.