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It is not the case that If two psychological states are incapable of causing anything different to happen, then the two psychological states must be the same.
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Block's distinction between access and phenomenal consciousness demonstrates that qualia can vary without any corresponding variation in functional or causal role.
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2.
A phenomenal zombie and a conscious being share identical causal powers by definition, yet Chalmers argues they instantiate distinct psychological states.
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3.
Therefore causal indiscernibility is compatible with genuine psychological difference, falsifying the biconditional the claim presupposes.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Putnam's Twin Earth cases show that mental states with identical causal profiles can differ in content due to environmental factors outside the individual.
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2.
If two states share all causal powers yet differ in meaning, causal equivalence cannot be sufficient for state identity.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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1.
Methodological individualism holds that psychological states are individuated with respect to their causal powers.
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2.
If one psychological state cannot cause anything different than another, they share identical causal powers.
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