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Inverse View
It is not the case that In temporal reference frames, God's actions and their effects are nonsimultaneous.
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Brian Leftow argues that God's eternity can be modeled as a timeless 'now' that intersects every temporal moment without being sequenced among them.
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2.
If God's eternal act intersects each temporal moment directly, the causal relation between act and effect requires no temporal gap or non-simultaneity.
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3.
Non-simultaneity presupposes a shared temporal framework, which by definition cannot apply to a being whose existence is categorically atemporal.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Eleonore Stump and Norman Kretzmann's ET-simultaneity relation makes eternal and temporal events co-present without requiring temporal ordering.
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2.
If ET-simultaneity holds, God's eternal act and its temporal effect are simultaneously present to each other, negating non-simultaneity.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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In temporal reference frames, God's actions occur at eternity but their effects occur at particular points in time.
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