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    Carmelics

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    Home/Original/inverse
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    Inverse View

    It is not the case that The universality required for demonstration is not the universality acquired through abstraction (said of many).

    ?Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
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    • 1.Demonstrative universality must be said of all, always, and primarily (de quodlibet et semper et primo).
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    • 2.The universality acquired through abstraction is merely 'said of many' (ut dicatur de multis), as described in the Perihermeneias and Porphyry's Isagoge.
      ?

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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Aristotle's Posterior Analytics I.4 distinguishes καθόλου (universal demonstration) from mere predication by requiring necessity, not just frequency of instantiation.
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    • 2.Abstractive universals derived from sensory particulars retain contingency, since what is abstracted from mutable things cannot ground the necessity demonstration requires.
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    • 3.Kilwardby's Augustinian-Platonic inheritance identifies demonstrative universals with rationes aeternae, stable in the divine intellect and immune to the variability infecting abstracted forms.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
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    • 1.Averroes in his Long Commentary on the Posterior Analytics distinguishes the universal as a logical second intention from the universal as a scientific middle term grounding causal necessity.
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    • 2.A universal 'said of many' is an epistemological product of the mind's comparison across instances, whereas demonstrative universality is an ontological feature of the connection between essential cause and effect.
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    • 3.Because the middle term in a scientific syllogism must express the real definition carrying causal power, its universality is grounded in essence, not in the mind's abstractive operation over a sample.
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