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    There is only one mode of sign-inference. — Carmelics
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    Home/Truth & Knowledge
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    There is only one mode of sign-inference.

    Truth & Knowledge
    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    2 reasons against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
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    • 1.Assurance that a conclusion is true is produced in all cases by experience of similar cases.
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    • 2.Sign-inference proceeds by generalizing from observed similar cases to unobserved cases.
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    • 3.Both similar-sign inferences (e.g., all humans are mortal because those hereabouts are mortal) and dissimilar-sign inferences (e.g., movement as a sign of void) are grounded in experiential assurance.
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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
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    • 1.Aristotle distinguishes demonstrative sign-inference (tekmerion) from merely probable sign-inference (semeion), grounded in logical necessity rather than induction.
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    • 2.A necessary sign like 'this woman has milk, therefore she has given birth' yields certainty through formal entailment, not experiential generalization from similar cases.
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    • 3.If some sign-inferences derive their epistemic force from logical necessity rather than accumulated observation, the inferential modes are irreducibly plural.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
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    • 1.Stoic epistemology distinguishes commemorative signs (recalling co-observed phenomena) from indicative signs (revealing what is never directly observable), as Sextus Empiricus documents in Outlines of Pyrrhonism II.
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    • 2.Indicative signs, such as bodily motion as a sign of an unobservable soul, cannot be grounded in prior co-observation of sign and signified together, making experiential assurance from similar cases structurally impossible as their basis.
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    Related

    A necessary sign like 'this woman has milk, therefore she has given birth' yield...Aristotle distinguishes demonstrative sign-inference (tekmerion) from merely pro...Assurance that a conclusion is true is produced in all cases by experience of si...Both similar-sign inferences (e.g., all humans are mortal because those hereabou...
    +4 moreShow less
    If some sign-inferences derive their epistemic force from logical necessity rath...Indicative signs, such as bodily motion as a sign of an unobservable soul, canno...Sign-inference proceeds by generalizing from observed similar cases to unobserve...Stoic epistemology distinguishes commemorative signs (recalling co-observed phen...

    Similar

    There is only one mode of sign-inference, which proceeds by generalizi...92%The Epicurean method of sign-inference is primarily concerned with cer...85%The eliminative method (EM) is not a legitimate form of sign-inference...84%The Epicureans and their opponents disagree fundamentally about the go...80%

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: philodemus
    View source passageHide passage
    But the author of §4, at any rate, insists that it is only because we have observed that moving things hereabouts, despite other differences, all share the property of moving through empty spaces, that we affirm that the same thing holds without exception in non-evident places too (xxxv 36–xxxvi 7). The full form of this sign-inference would therefore run: “Since moving things hereabouts all move through empty space, all moving things move through empty spaces; and since all moving things move t
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit