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    Williams' internalist thesis involving sound deliberation... — Carmelics
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    Williams' internalist thesis involving sound deliberation from full information is inadequate because it fails to accommodate reasons that agents have precisely because they are incapable of deliberating soundly.

    Moral Responsibility
    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    2 reasons for
    1 reason against

    Reasons For

    2 perspectives
    Reason for 1 of 2
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    • 1.Frankfurt's hierarchical model shows that agents with disordered wills have reasons tied to their actual volitional incapacities, not counterfactual ideal states.
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    • 2.An addict's reason to seek treatment presupposes their incapacity for sound deliberation and dissolves if that incapacity is removed via the counterfactual.
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    • 3.Williams' subjective motivational set cannot coherently generate the relevant reason if the counterfactual condition erases the very defect grounding that reason.
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    Reason for 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Korsgaard's constitutivism holds that reasons arise from the actual practical identity of the agent, including identities constituted by deliberative limitations.
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    • 2.A reason grounded in an agent's actual incapacity for sound deliberation tracks the agent's real normative situation, not a fictional idealized surrogate self.
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    • 3.Replacing the actual agent with a counterfactually competent deliberator commits what Parfit called the 'different person' substitution error, undermining internalism's agent-relativity.
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    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.There exist reasons that agents have precisely because they are not capable of deliberating soundly.
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    • 2.Williams' internalism identifies reasons via counterfactual sound deliberation from full information.
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    • 3.A counterfactual condition of sound deliberation excludes reasons grounded in the agent's incapacity for sound deliberation.
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    Topics

    Moral ResponsibilityFree Will & Foreknowledge

    Key Terms

    Deliberate/deliberation(the process Williams' theory depends on)
    To think carefully and consider options before making a decision.
    Full information(a hypothetical condition where someone knows everything needed to make a perfect judgment)
    Having complete knowledge of all the relevant facts and evidence about a topic, with nothing hidden or unknown.
    Reasons (in philosophy)(what the statement is debating whether people can have)
    Factors that justify why someone should act a certain way or believe something—the 'why' behind our choices.
    Williams
    # Williams "Williams" is primarily a common English surname derived from the name William, meaning "resolute protector" (from Germanic roots "will" and "helm"). Without additional context, it refers to any person with this last name, though it could also reference a specific notable individual like Robin Williams (acclaimed actor and comedian) or Serena Williams (legendary tennis champion), depending on the situation. The name ranks among the most common surnames in English-speaking countries due to its long historical use.
    internalist thesis(Internalist vs. externalist conceptions of epistemic justification)
    The thesis that one can be justified in believing that p only if one has a reason or evidence in favor of p's truth — something in virtue of which the truth of p is not a mere accident from the subject's perspective.
    sound deliberation(Williams's criteria for external reasons beliefs being true)
    A condition of deliberation under which an agent would correctly respond to a genuine reason, used as a test for whether a consideration is a real reason.

    Connections

    1 topic

    Virtue Ethics3 linked

    Related

    A counterfactual condition of sound deliberation excludes reasons grounded in th...A reason grounded in an agent's actual incapacity for sound deliberation tracks ...An addict's reason to seek treatment presupposes their incapacity for sound deli...Frankfurt's hierarchical model shows that agents with disordered wills have reas...

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: reasons-internal-external
    View source passageHide passage
    In defense of his own internalist thesis, involving counterfactual motivation under the condition of sound deliberation from full information, Williams (1995) raises an objection of this kind against McDowell’s rival claim involving the condition of full virtue. He observes that being less than fully virtuous gives agents reasons to act that they otherwise wouldn’t have had and that therefore would not motivate a fully virtuous agent. Others object to Williams’ own counterfactuals involving soun
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    +5 moreShow less
    Korsgaard's constitutivism holds that reasons arise from the actual practical id...Replacing the actual agent with a counterfactually competent deliberator commits...There exist reasons that agents have precisely because they are not capable of d...Williams' internalism identifies reasons via counterfactual sound deliberation f...Williams' subjective motivational set cannot coherently generate the relevant re...

    Similar

    Williams' internalism identifies reasons via counterfactual sound deli...84%The internalist thesis holds that an agent has a reason to do A only i...82%If the conditions specified by the internalist thesis obtain (e.g., fu...82%McDowell's internalist thesis involving full virtue as the counterfact...80%
    Type
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    Perspectives
    3 (2 for, 1 against)
    Edits
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