1756 – 1793
Karl Philipp Moritz was a German author, editor, and aesthetician of the late Enlightenment, best known for developing an autonomous theory of art and aesthetic judgment that anticipated and paralleled Kant's critical aesthetics. His treatise 'On the Artistic Imitation of the Beautiful' (1788) articulated a formalist account of beauty as intrinsic perfection, influencing both Goethe and the German Romantic movement.
Developed an objectivist theory of aesthetic autonomy independent of Kant's subjectivist account
Authored 'On the Artistic Imitation of the Beautiful' (Über die bildende Nachahmung des Schönen, 1788)
Wrote 'Anton Reiser', one of the earliest psychological novels in German literature
Founded and edited the journal 'Magazin zur Erfahrungsseelenkunde', pioneering empirical psychology
Influenced Goethe's aesthetic thought during their shared time in Italy
The nature of the beautiful consists in the fact that its inner essence lies outside the limits of the power of thought, originating in its own coming-to-be.
premiseMoritz concludes that aesthetic judgments cannot be grounded in determinate concepts and that artistic creation cannot be guided by determinate concepts.
premiseThe essence of beauty lies outside ordinary conceptual thought and therefore cannot be captured in descriptive language.
premiseKant reaches the same conclusions from a subjectivist account grounded in the free play of cognitive powers.
premiseEven a brilliant verbal description such as Winckelmann's description of the Apollo Belvedere rips apart the wholeness of the work of art.
claimThe beautiful cannot be described in words, because verbal description of beauty damages rather than aids contemplation of the beautiful work of art.
premiseMoritz reaches these conclusions from an aesthetics of truth, wherein a beautiful object intimates the order of the world-whole that is beyond ordinary mental grasp.
claimMoritz's conclusions about aesthetic judgment and artistic genius resemble Kant's conclusions but are reached for fundamentally different reasons.
claimThe power of thought cannot ask why a beautiful thing is beautiful, because beauty's inner essence lies outside the limits of conceptual thought.
premiseWhat lies outside the limits of conceptual thought cannot be interrogated by conceptual thought.
premiseWhat rips apart the wholeness of a work of art is more damaging than useful to its contemplation.
premiseA subjectivist account of free play of cognitive powers and a truth-based account of the world-whole are distinct and non-equivalent foundations.