1720 – 1779
Johann Georg Sulzer was a Swiss-German philosopher and aesthetician of the Enlightenment, best known for his encyclopedic 'Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste' (General Theory of the Fine Arts), which systematically examined the moral and psychological dimensions of aesthetic experience. He argued that art's primary purpose was moral improvement and that aesthetic pleasure should serve ethical ends.
Authored 'Allgemeine Theorie der Schönen Künste' (1771-1774), a landmark encyclopedia of aesthetics
Developed a moral theory of art emphasizing art's obligation to cultivate virtue
Advanced psychological approaches to aesthetic experience, influencing later German aesthetics
Served as director of the philosophical division of the Berlin Academy of Sciences
Bridged rationalist and sentimentalist traditions in 18th-century aesthetic theory
Without independent moral grounding, aesthetic experience's natural tendency to morally good outcomes can be perverted.
premisePleasurable sentiments are a primary constituent of happiness.
claimAesthetic experience is of indirect moral value.
premiseArt can be put to perverse and immoral use as well as healthy and good use.
premiseWorks of art make abstract moral precepts effective on our action.
claimAesthetic experience is of direct moral value.
premiseFree and unhindered activity of the representational capacity produces pleasurable sentiments.
premiseAesthetic experience is a variety of free and unhindered activity of the representational capacity.
premiseWorks of art enliven our abstract knowledge of moral precepts.
claimShakespeare was doing fundamentally the same thing as Sophocles despite producing superficially different drama.
claimAn independent grasp of and commitment to fundamental moral principles is necessary even given art's natural tendency toward moral good.
claimSulzer's moral theory is not egocentric.
Without independent moral grounding, aesthetic experience's natural tendency to morally good outcomes can be perverted.
premisePleasurable sentiments are a primary constituent of happiness.
premiseNormal human beings naturally desire for others what they desire for themselves.
claimAesthetic experience is of indirect moral value.
Art can be put to perverse and immoral use as well as healthy and good use.