- Empirical
- # Empirical
Empirical means based on real observation, experience, or experiments rather than theory or guessing. When something is empirical, it's proven by actually testing it or seeing it happen in the real world, not just thinking about it logically. For example, empirical evidence might be data collected from a survey or results from a scientific experiment that shows what actually occurs.
- Epistemology (implied concept)(the broader philosophical question about knowing and reliability)
- The philosophical study of knowledge itself—what knowledge is, how we know things, and what makes something trustworthy.
- Sufficient grounds(in epistemology)
- Having enough reasons or evidence to justify a belief or conclusion.
- divine emissary(the entity being encountered)
- A messenger or representative sent by God; someone believed to carry God's word or authority to humans.
- knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
- Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.
- revealed law(Maimonides' distinction between scientific/natural truth and divinely revealed legal norms)
- Law that, although not natural in origin, 'enters into what is natural' by presupposing a social context and a sense of shame, and which requires detailed study as part of divine wisdom for the permanence of the human species