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    Species are not natural kinds, or the view that kindhood ... — Carmelics
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    Species are not natural kinds, or the view that kindhood is fixed by intrinsic properties must be revised

    Modality & PossibilityTruth & Knowledge
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    2 reasons for
    1 reason against

    Reasons For

    2 perspectives
    Reason for 1 of 2
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    • 1.Phylogenetic species concepts individuate species by historical descent relations, which are irreducibly relational and extrinsic to any organism's intrinsic properties.
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    • 2.Two organisms can be intrinsic duplicates yet belong to different species if their lineages diverged, as Kripke's modal argument about origin implies historical facts are essential.
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    • 3.Any account of species as natural kinds must appeal to relational-historical properties, directly requiring revision of intrinsic-property-based kindhood criteria.
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    Reason for 2 of 2
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    • 1.John Dupré's promiscuous realism and David Hull's process ontology demonstrate that biological species lack the homeostatic property clusters Boyd requires for natural kind membership.
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    • 2.Massive intraspecific variation documented by population genetics means no stable intrinsic property set reliably tracks species boundaries across all members and life stages.
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    Reasons Against

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    Reason against
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    • 1.The criteria advanced by most species concepts involve relational rather than intrinsic properties of organisms
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    • 2.If natural kinds are fixed by intrinsic properties, then kinds defined by relational properties would not qualify as natural kinds
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    Related

    Any account of species as natural kinds must appeal to relational-historical pro...If natural kinds are fixed by intrinsic properties, then kinds defined by relati...John Dupré's promiscuous realism and David Hull's process ontology demonstrate t...Massive intraspecific variation documented by population genetics means no stabl...
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    Phylogenetic species concepts individuate species by historical descent relation...The criteria advanced by most species concepts involve relational rather than in...Two organisms can be intrinsic duplicates yet belong to different species if the...

    Similar

    If natural kinds are fixed by intrinsic properties, then kinds defined...89%Species are not natural kinds and are thus unsuited to figuring in law...83%Meanings of natural kind terms are not in the head (internalism about ...83%If descriptivism about natural kind terms is false, the characteristic...82%

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: natural-kinds
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    Our interest in natural kinds is generated by the fact that the particular sciences make frequent use of what, on the face of it, seem to be natural kinds. So an important question is whether the kinds of the special sciences (e.g. psychology, economics, biology, chemistry and so on) do in fact satisfy the conditions laid out by metaphysicians for natural-kindhood (Fodor 1974; Dupré 1981, 1993; Millikan 1999; Ellis 2001). And to the extent that they do not, does that show that these kinds are no
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    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

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    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (2 for, 1 against)
    Edits
    1 edit