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    The second 'broad assumption' (¬p ∧ ¬Fp) → P¬Fp is not tr... — Carmelics
    Home/Modality & Possibility
    HistoryEditSee Inverse

    The second 'broad assumption' (¬p ∧ ¬Fp) → P¬Fp is not true when p refers to a future contingency

    Free Will & ForeknowledgeModality & Possibility
    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    0 reasons for
    1 reason against

    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.When p refers to a future contingency, p has the truth value ½ or 'indeterminate'
      ?

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    • 2.Where p is indeterminate, both Fp and ¬Fp are indeterminate
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      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.If Fp is indeterminate, then P¬Fp (the consequent of the disputed formula) is false
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    Modality & PossibilityFree Will & Foreknowledge

    Notable Defenders

    Aristotleancient
    Aristotleancient
    Aristotleancient
    Diodorus ChronosancientMegarian logician; 'Master Argument' discussed in Benson Mates, Stoic Logic (1953)
    Diodorus CronusancientReferenced in Prior 1967a: 16
    Diodorus Cronusancient
    Diodorus CronusancientPrior 1962a: 138
    Alfred Tarskicontemporary
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior c.1967
    Arthur Priorcontemporary
    Arthur Priorcontemporary
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1967a: 16
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryKenny 1970: 336
    Arthur Priorcontemporary
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1957: 26
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1951: 737
    Arthur Priorcontemporary1952a-d
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior's calculus of tenses
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1967a: vi; Prior 1957: 23–4
    Arthur Priorcontemporary
    Arthur Priorcontemporary'Diodoran Modalities' (1955b); The Craft of Formal Logic
    Arthur Priorcontemporary'Diodoran Modalities'
    Arthur Priorcontemporary1967a; 1996a
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1962a: 138; Prior 1967a: 33
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryObjects of Thought, published posthumously 1971
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1951: 749, The Craft
    Arthur PriorcontemporaryPrior 1940
    C.H. LangfordcontemporaryLewis and Langford 1932
    C.I. LewiscontemporaryLewis and Langford 1932
    Dana Scottcontemporary
    Dana Scottcontemporary
    Dov Gabbaycontemporary
    Georg Henrik von Wrightcontemporaryvon Wright 1951
    Georg Henrik von WrightcontemporaryAn Essay on Modal Logic, 1951
    Georg Henrik von Wrightcontemporaryvon Wright 1965
    Georg Henrik von Wrightcontemporary
    Georg Henrik von Wrightcontemporaryvon Wright, 'Deontic Logic' (1951); von Wright 1963
    Hans Kampcontemporary'On Tense Logic and the Theory of Order' (Ph.D. thesis, UCLA, 1968)
    Hans Reichenbachcontemporary
    HintikkacontemporaryHintikka 1957, 1961
    Jan Łukasiewiczcontemporary
    Jan ŁukasiewiczcontemporaryŁukasiewicz 1951b
    Jan Łukasiewiczcontemporary
    Jan Łukasiewiczcontemporary
    John FindlaycontemporaryKenny 1970: 336
    JonssoncontemporaryJonsson and Tarski 1951
    Józef BocheńskicontemporaryBochenski 1947
    Józef Maria Bocheńskicontemporary
    KangercontemporaryKanger 1957
    Karl BarthcontemporaryReferenced as the theological inspiration for the Bekenntniskirche (Confessional Church)
    KripkecontemporaryKripke 1959a, 1959b, 1963
    Krister SegerbergcontemporarySegerberg 1967, 1989
    Ludwig WittgensteincontemporaryTractatus, as cited in Prior 1951: 737
    Max Cresswellcontemporary
    MeredithcontemporaryPrior and Meredith 1956
    MontaguecontemporaryUCLA 1955
    Nino Cocchiarellacontemporary'Tense and Modal Logic: A Study in the Topology of Temporal Reference' (Ph.D. thesis, UCLA)
    PriorcontemporaryWellington 1954
    Richard Montaguecontemporary
    Robert FeyscontemporaryFeys 1950
    Rudolf CarnapcontemporaryCarnap 1946: 47, 'Modalities and Quantification'
    Ruth Barcan MarcuscontemporaryMarcus 1946, 1962
    Saul KripkecontemporaryKripke letter to Prior, 3 September 1958
    SmileycontemporaryCambridge 1957
    TarskicontemporaryJonsson and Tarski 1951
    W.V. QuinecontemporaryPrior 1967a: 16
    Peter of Spainmedieval
    Peter of Spainmedieval
    Peter of Spainmedieval
    William of Ockhammedieval
    Arthur PriormodernPrior 1937a, Otago Daily Times, writing under pseudonym 'Independent Labour'
    Augustus de Morganmodern
    Charles Sanders Peircemodern
    David Humemodern
    Henry Aldrichmodern
    Isaac Wattsmodern
    Isaac Wattsmodern
    J.N. Keynesmodern
    John Stuart Millmodern
    John Wallismodern
    John Wallismoderncited by Prior as a source
    Port Royal Logicmodern
    Richard Whatelymodern
    W.E. Johnsonmodern

    Connections

    1 topic

    Truth & Knowledge6 linked

    Related

    A conditional with an indeterminate antecedent and a false consequent fails to h...If Fp is indeterminate, then P¬Fp (the consequent of the disputed formula) is fa...If p is indeterminate, then ¬p must also be indeterminate, because if ¬p were de...Since both ¬p and ¬Fp are indeterminate, the antecedent ¬p ∧ ¬Fp is indeterminat...
    +2 moreShow less
    When p refers to a future contingency, p has the truth value ½ or 'indeterminate...Where p is indeterminate, both Fp and ¬Fp are indeterminate

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: prior
    View source passageHide passage
    So the Master Argument is indeed valid. The fallacy, Prior tells us, lies with the second ‘broad assumption’ \((\neg p \amp \neg Fp) \rightarrow P\neg Fp\) (which says: when anything neither is nor will be the case, it has been the case that it will not be the case). This, Prior tells us, is not true if \(p\) refers to a future contingency, and thus has the truth value ½ or ‘indeterminate’. Where \(p\) is indeterminate, both \(Fp\) and \(\neg Fp\) are indeterminate, so the consequent of the disp
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    1 (0 for, 1 against)
    Edits
    1 edit